Oil and Coal Product Manufacturing Business Guide
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All 15 Documented Cases
Multas Ambientais e Administrativas por Não Conformidade Operacional
R$5,000–R$2,000,000 per violation (flaring/venting); additional fines unspecified in law but enforcement occurs via ANP administrative proceduresOperators subject to Brazilian environmental law and ANP jurisdiction face escalating fines for operational non-compliance, including: unlicensed extraction/mining, improper timber/coal handling, hazardous substance violations, and failure to obtain construction/operation licenses. Penalties include monetary fines, license suspension/cancellation, and equipment seizure.
Custos de Remediação e Descomissionamento Obrigatório Não Previstos
Cost of remediation varies by site; penalties: detention 6 months–1 year + unspecified fine (estimated R$10,000–R$500,000 per site based on severity); cumulative multi-site losses: R$100,000–R$5,000,000+ over operational lifeBrazilian petroleum law mandates that operators recover and remediate exploited areas per their concession agreement. Failure to adopt precautionary measures or complete remediation triggers penalties equivalent to other environmental crimes. Production Sharing Agreements (PSAs) must contain clauses for 'criteria to relinquish and vacate areas, including removal of equipment and reversion of goods.' Manual tracking of multi-site remediation schedules results in missed deadlines and penalty escalation.
Perda de Receita por Parada de Turnaround Não Otimizada
R$ 100-500M per refinery annually (estimated based on 5-10 day optimization window × production capacity × refined product margins). Revap case: R$ 1B shutdown investment + 4-month production loss recovery = ~R$ 2-3B annual impact across turnaround cycle.Refinery turnaround planning in Brasil currently relies on manual spreadsheet-based scenario modeling and trial-and-error methods. Search results indicate that Revap (252,000 barrels/day capacity, ~14% of Petrobras output) executes 6-yearly shutdowns requiring 4-month mobilization. Each day of unnecessary shutdown equals ~252,000 barrels × R$ 3-5/barrel margin = R$ 756M-1.26B annual forgone revenue per refinery. Manual planning delays decision-making by weeks, pushing shutdowns into suboptimal seasonal windows with worse margin conditions.
Sobrecusto em Mão de Obra e Recursos Devido a Planejamento Manual
R$ 50-150M per turnaround cycle per refinery (estimated: 15-25% overtime cost reduction opportunity; typical turnaround labor budget R$ 200-600M)Revap shutdown case: 5,000+ workers mobilized over 4 months covering 21 operating units and 1,673 equipment pieces. Manual scheduling creates labor bottlenecks (idle time waiting for upstream unit completion, then compressed rush schedules). Brazilian labor costs include gross salary + eSocial (13-20% INSS employer contribution, FGTS 8%, SAT/SENAT ~3.5%), multiplying wage inflation. Conservative estimate: 10% excess labor hours due to inefficient scheduling = 500 excess days × 8 hours × average technician rate R$ 300-500/hour (fully loaded) = R$ 1.2M-2M per refinery turnaround.